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399918
statistikk
2020-09-30T08:00:00.000Z
Establishments, enterprises and accounts
en
fordem, Newly established enterprises, survival and growth, new businesses, employees, turnover, enterprise size, enterprise by industry, organisational forms (for example limited company, sole proprietorship, Norwegian-registered foreign enterprise), high growth enterprises, gazellesEstablishments and enterprises , Establishments, enterprises and accounts
true

Newly established enterprises, survival and growth

Updated

Key figures

28.4 %

of newly-established enterprises in 2013 survived in 2018.

Survival rate of newly established enterprises
Per cent survived enterprises
1 year2 year3 year4 year5 year
Year of establishing
201348.245.437.632.228.4
201448.343.136.131.1
201546.141.234.5
201644.440.6
201744.1

See selected tables from this statistics

Table 1 
Newly established enterprises, by year of establishing and year of survival

Newly established enterprises, by year of establishing and year of survival
New established enterprises totalYear of survivalPer Cent survived enterprises
1 year2 years3 years4 years5 years1 year2 years3 years4 years5 years
Year of establishing
201351 64124 90223 42319 40316 64614 65048.245.437.632.228.4
201454 53926 33423 49019 67016 97448.343.136.131.1
201557 86626 66523 82419 94846.141.234.5
201660 47426 82224 57144.440.6
201762 02827 34744.1

Table 2 
Newly established enterprises by survival, legal form and year of establishing

Newly established enterprises by survival, legal form and year of establishing
Numbler of newly established enterprisesSurvival 1 yearSurvival 1 yearSurvived 2 yearsSurvival 2 yearsSurvival 3 yearsSurvival 3 yearsSurvival 4 yearsSurvival 4 yearsSurvival 5 years
SurvivedAsleepSurvivedAsleepSurvivedAsleepSurvivedAsleepSurvived
All organisational structures
201351 64148.25.445.41.037.60.932.20.728.4
201454 53948.34.443.11.036.10.931.1
201557 86646.14.141.21.034.5
201660 47444.44.840.6
201762 02844.1
 
General partnership (ANS)
201312352.82.445.50.033.30.025.20.019.5
201412749.65.545.72.439.40.026.8
201512649.22.443.70.030.2
201611247.32.733.9
20179736.1
 
Private limited company (AS)
201319 48468.45.865.71.557.81.051.40.945.9
201420 66567.25.464.01.156.11.249.9
201521 69566.75.163.21.254.7
201623 69364.36.862.2
201725 01864.5
 
Public limited company (ASA)
201310.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.0
2014366.733.3100.00.0100.00.066.7
2015333.30.033.30.033.3
20163100.00.0100.0
2017333.3
 
General partnership with shared liability (DA)
201357551.34.744.71.035.80.729.70.521.7
201459348.94.642.81.033.10.525.3
201556553.12.740.91.227.6
201656952.41.433.9
201752340.9
 
Sole proprietorship (ENK)
201330 04035.85.333.00.725.40.820.70.617.8
201431 86936.73.730.21.023.80.819.7
201534 15633.53.527.80.822.3
201634 78831.13.526.6
201735 21330.2
 
Norwegian division of foreign business enterprise (NUF)
20131 08631.13.223.90.714.50.610.20.48.4
201497128.62.521.70.315.00.411.0
20151 00726.62.721.10.514.4
201694826.31.318.5
201774623.3

Table 3 
Newly established enterprises, by survival, county and year of establishing

Newly established enterprises, by survival, county and year of establishing
Newly established enterprisesSurvived 1 year, per cent enterprisesSurvived 1 year, per cent enterprisesSurvived 2 years, per cent enterprisesSurvived 2 years, per cent enterprisesSurvived 3 years, per cent enterprisesSurvived 3 years, per cent enterprisesSurvived 4 years, per cent enterprisesSurvived 4 years, per cent enterprisesSurvival 5 years, per cent
TotalSurvivedAsleepSurvivedAsleepSurvivedAsleepSurvivedAsleepSurvived
Østfold (-2019)
20132 61453.74.249.11.040.61.035.00.830.5
20142 70351.13.044.20.937.00.731.4
20153 01047.93.741.70.834.5
20162 89346.63.641.5
20173 01244.4
Akershus (-2019)
20136 32248.15.244.71.137.10.830.90.626.9
20146 48948.24.642.61.035.30.830.3
20156 85846.64.042.00.935.0
20167 27246.24.641.6
20177 36344.7
Oslo
201311 31643.55.840.91.033.20.928.00.624.3
201412 19544.34.739.11.132.10.927.4
201512 69742.04.537.11.130.8
201613 07140.75.537.6
201713 68241.1
Hedmark (-2019)
20131 56151.04.747.40.739.81.034.80.931.1
20141 55250.33.744.30.737.01.033.1
20151 58450.14.245.50.838.3
20161 66547.93.642.2
20171 65344.9
Oppland (-2019)
20131 53152.34.848.90.941.70.736.70.633.0
20141 57053.34.848.51.342.41.438.1
20151 63849.44.045.51.540.4
20161 61248.85.245.0
20171 74747.5
Buskerud (-2019)
20132 73351.24.947.21.040.00.534.00.530.0
20142 88351.54.447.11.140.30.734.4
20153 11750.83.844.61.038.1
20163 11146.24.541.6
20173 16146.9
Vestfold (-2019)
20132 28850.34.646.20.838.30.933.80.529.0
20142 50150.44.044.81.037.70.932.4
20152 57748.44.043.40.936.2
20162 67945.43.541.1
20172 85947.1
Telemark (-2019)
20131 50953.75.451.00.643.00.736.61.032.7
20141 61446.74.641.91.136.01.131.4
20151 64948.53.943.50.536.7
20161 75546.05.543.0
20171 76246.3
Aust-Agder (-2019)
201396748.55.948.11.040.40.836.41.031.6
20141 06654.04.049.70.742.10.837.7
20151 07849.44.445.70.937.7
20161 18846.55.243.2
20171 15045.7
Vest-Agder (-2019)
20131 77951.15.248.51.140.61.035.80.630.7
20141 78750.13.844.41.237.81.233.2
20152 01547.83.341.60.936.1
20162 16446.94.442.1
20172 13244.9
Rogaland
20133 96948.35.846.11.137.90.931.50.727.5
20144 40348.54.643.51.035.91.031.1
20154 63845.24.340.10.833.2
20165 19845.24.841.0
20175 43044.4
Hordaland (-2019)
20134 85846.46.544.60.835.90.930.90.827.3
20145 04247.64.642.21.035.11.029.8
20155 43645.34.340.31.033.2
20165 72342.84.639.7
20175 79043.5
Sogn og Fjordane (-2019)
201370054.15.150.01.742.12.039.31.036.9
201481453.15.247.21.040.51.036.6
201588546.95.345.31.139.4
201687150.94.648.1
201792652.7
Møre og Romsdal
20131 96551.65.048.41.641.70.936.80.532.2
20141 92150.43.945.31.138.10.833.5
20152 14248.83.944.40.936.9
20162 23848.44.845.0
20172 18545.5
Sør-Trøndelag (-2017)
20132 95447.05.945.21.037.20.932.90.729.1
20142 96346.64.842.11.035.11.029.9
20153 25944.24.139.81.033.4
20163 66539.75.137.0
20173 59441.9
Nord-Trøndelag (-2017)
201399452.64.648.81.041.40.936.61.033.0
20141 05651.24.247.00.938.91.133.8
20151 11649.63.744.41.438.4
20161 08547.85.044.0
20171 10349.7
Nordland
20131 55850.14.747.41.240.10.835.20.832.3
20141 71351.14.346.00.939.00.833.7
20151 81750.03.645.40.838.2
20161 88547.74.744.3
20172 01146.1
Troms - Romsa (-2019)
20131 32548.85.745.41.437.70.930.70.827.8
20141 56650.14.045.01.039.10.633.7
20151 52045.94.141.70.533.6
20161 58141.05.139.4
20171 61641.4
Finnmark - Finnmárku (-2019)
201356350.35.750.11.142.60.737.50.735.2
201454756.14.051.01.546.60.539.5
201568349.94.043.80.737.2
201663550.13.345.4
201766548.7
Svalbard
20133145.26.538.73.238.70.038.70.032.3
20143327.315.236.40.027.33.024.2
20153036.76.740.00.030.0
20164843.88.339.6
20173429.4

Table 4 
High growth (20 per cent growth or more) and medium growth (10-19 per cent growrh) enterprises measured in turnover and number of employees by industrial activity and legal form. Enterprises with 10 or more employees

High growth (20 per cent growth or more) and medium growth (10-19 per cent growrh) enterprises measured in turnover and number of employees by industrial activity and legal form. Enterprises with 10 or more employees
Total number of enterprisesPer cent mediumgrowth enterprisePer cent mediumgrowth enterprisePer cent highgrowth enterprisePer cent highgrowth enterprise
2019TurnoverNumber of employeesTurnoverNumber of employees
All industries23 53510.78.45.13.5
Manufacturing, mining and quarrying3 11210.98.44.73.2
Electricity, water supply, sewerage, waste management37212.44.03.23.5
Construction4 30917.012.08.44.7
Wholesale and retail trade: repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles6 2077.65.32.81.4
Transportation and storage1 5188.89.45.04.0
Accommodation and food service activities2 3197.87.03.82.2
Information and communication1 21312.311.87.26.3
Real estate activities3849.98.34.22.3
Professional, scientific and technical activities1 85410.89.75.74.4
Administrative and support service activities1 31313.911.18.08.5
Arts, entertainment and recreation5806.96.76.23.4
Other service activities, activities of households as employers of domestic personnel3543.12.81.40.6
 
All organisational structures23 53510.78.45.13.5
Private limited company and public limited company (ASA)22 46010.98.55.23.5
Sole proprietorship (ENK)3555.65.43.72.3
Other organisational structures7207.56.84.42.1

Table 5 
Gazelles by growth in turnover and number of employees by industrial actvity and legal form

Gazelles by growth in turnover and number of employees by industrial actvity and legal form
2019
Number of 4 and 5 years old enterprises with 10+ employees in t-3Per cent gazelles measured in growth in turnoverPer cent gazelles measured in growth in number of employees
All industries1 00919.412.6
Manufacturing, mining and quarrying7413.513.5
Electricity, water supply, sewerage, waste management1330.815.4
Construction19725.915.7
Wholesale and retail trade: repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles16513.35.5
Transportation and storage5117.613.7
Accommodation and food service activities22413.47.1
Information and communication4330.227.9
Real estate activities185.60.0
Professional, scientific and technical activities7219.416.7
Administrative and support service activities10036.022.0
Arts, entertainment and recreation3713.513.5
Other service activities, activities of households as employers of domestic personnel156.76.7
 
All organisational structures1 00919.412.6
Private limited company and public limited company (ASA)98119.312.5
Sole proprietorship (ENK)714.30.0
Other organisational structures2128.619.0

About the statistics

Newly established enterprises, survival and growth presents the survival and growth of newly-established enterprises by economic activity, legal form, county, municipality and size class. The statistics follows the newly-established enterprise for a period of five years.

Definitions

Definitions of the main concepts and variables

Enterprise: In Standard for Industrial Classification (SN) an enterprise is defined as an organisational unit comprising all economic activities engaged in by one and the same owner. Hence an enterprise is a legal entity covering one or more productive units.

Establishment: In SN an establishment is defined as a local kind of activity unit, which mainly is conducting activities within a special industry group.

New enterprise: A new enterprise in a given period is an enterprise registered with dates that indicate startup in this period. The registration of a legal unit in the ER counts as a new registration if the registered information assumes that the unit is to be operated as an industrial activity.

Newly established enterprises: The number of new established enterprises is the number of a new enterprises corrected for the change of ownership. That is – new enterprises that take over existing activities are not counted as new established enterprises, but only as new enterprises.

Survival: A newly established enterprise in year t is considered to have survived in t+n (n>=1) if it is active in terms of turnover and/or employment in any part of t+n. This means the enterprise will be found in the annual population (of active enterprises) in t+n. Two kinds of survival can be distinguished: 1. Direct survival. A new established enterprise in year t has survived directly in t+n (n>=1) if the enterprise is active in terms of turnover or employment in t+n. 2. Survival by take-over. A new established enterprise is also considered survived if it has ceased to be active, but its activity has been taken over by another new enterprise set up specifically to take over the factors of production of the first enterprise. Newly established enterprises which are merged or taken over by an existing enterprise (not a new one) are not considered to have survived. The newly established enterprise will keep its economic activity code, size class and legal form of the year of registration of the enterprise.

"Sleeping" enterprises: Newly established enterprises in t that did not have any sign of acitivity in t+1, but were active in t+2.

Growth: Growth in survived enterprises is measured in the number of persons employed. Some of the new established enterprises may not have any registered activity in the year of registration. As a result the number of employees in year t will be low and the growth in t+1 large.

High growth enterprises: High growth enterprises are enterprises which have an average annual growth of 20 per cent or more over a period of 3 years. Growth is measured in both turnover and employment. The enterprises must have had 10 or more employees at the beginning of the growth period.

Gazelles: Gazelles are high growth enterprises which are 4 or 5 years old. Gazelles are enterprises with an average annual growth of 20 per cent or more over a period of 3 years and which are 4 or 5 years old at the end of the growth period. Growth is measured in both turnover and employement. The enterprises must have had 10 or more employees at the beginning of the growth period.

Employees: The number of employees comprises all persons that work for the employer more than 4 hours a week. Population, additions/dropouts show the number of employees at the time of counting. In the stock of enterprises, numbers of employees refers to the time of counting. For new enterprises, the number of employees refers 1st January and 1st September the following year. For enterprise drop outs, number of employees refers to 1st January of the year of drop out. Persons with more than one job may have been counted as employed in several industries.

Employment (Persons employed): All employees and owners make up the employment. The figures show an average number of employees at the end of 5 selected months in the year, and may deviate from what is published in the Labour Force Survey (AKU) and the National Accounts (NR) because sources and average calculations differ. In industries where employment cannot be collected through the data collection for the SBS, the number of employees is calculated based on number of employees in the CRE. Persons with more than one type of employment may be counted as employed in several industries.

Turnover: Turnover is defined as the sum of remuneration of sale to customers, sale of commercial goods and gross income from other industry activities. The turnover includes rental income and commissions receivable, but not public assistance or gain by sale of fixed assets. VAT is not included in the figures. In certain industries the turnover concept is not clearly defined, and for these industries the turnover is not published. This concerns financial industries and insurance (industries 64, 65 and 66), education (industry 85) and health and social work (industry 86, 87 and 88). For units in industries that are included in the SBS the turnover is collected from these. In other industries the turnover is collected from administrative sources (VAT or annual accounts).

Legal form: Type of organisation in the ER. A distinction is made between among other things individual enterprise, limited liability company and general partnership.

Standard classifications

Standard for Industrial Classification SN2007 Current Standard for Industrial Classification (SN2007) in SN, based on the EU's standards NACE Rev. 2. The standard can be found on www.ssb.no/nace/.

Administrative information

Name and topic

Name: Newly established enterprises, survival and growth
Topic: Establishments, enterprises and accounts

Responsible division

Division for Business Dynamics Statistics

Regional level

National, county and municpiality level.

Frequency and timeliness

Annually.

International reporting

Eurostat

Microdata

 Micro data, information about sampling units and population are permanently stored in SAS Programming Language and permanently stored as text files.

Background

Background and purpose

The first release was in October 2004.

Users and applications

Public authorities, research institutions and industry use the statistics.

Equal treatment of users

No external users have access to the statistics and analyses before they are published and accessible simultaneously for all users on ssb.no at 08 am. Prior to this, a minimum of three months' advance notice is given inthe Statistics Release Calendar. This is one of Statistics Norway’s key principles for ensuring that all users are treated equally.

Coherence with other statistics

The figures for level that are presented will deviate from the number of legal units in the ER, and may on industrial level deviate from what is presented in the structure statistics. The deviation in relation to the ER is mainly caused by the fact that the ER comprises all legal units –also the ones not conducting industrial activities. The annual populations (t-1) and the figures for year t are coordinated with the structural statistics by – for the industries that are included in the structure statistics – only comprise enterprises that in the statistical year have had turnover and employment or only turnover. The population figures per year t+1 also comprise new enterprises in year t that continue to be registered at the beginning of t+1. Since discontinuances often are registered after the facts, this figure may be too high.

The population of newly established enterprises in year t is identical to the population of newly established enterprises in the statistics on new enterprises in t. The survived enterprises in t+n will be found in the annual population in t+n and also in the stock of enterprises as of 1.1. year t+n. Since the survived enterprises may have ceased to exist during year t+n they may not be found in the stock of enterprises in t+n+1. In this case, the enterprises will be in the population of enterprise drop-outs in t+n. The definition of survival closely follows Eurostat's business demography definition of survial.

Legal authority

Not relevant

EEA reference

Not relevant

Production

Population

The statistics comprise all industries according to NACE standards  except public administration and defense (industry 84) and the primary industries (01, 02 and 03). The statistics on survival and growth is based on the populations of new established enterprises published in the statistics on new enterprises. Only enterprises with information indicating that industrial activities will take place are counted as new registrations and new businesses in the statistical year. This means that certain types of organisations are excluded from the statistics. This pertains to new registrations of Norwegian sections of foreign enterprises (NUF) and voluntary organisations (FLI) that are not registered in the National Register of Business Enterprises in Brønnøysund (FR). Business enterprises within these organisation types are required to register in the FR. With the exception of pension funds, enterprises with the legal form Another legal person (ANNA) are also excluded from the newly registered ones. The same is the case for other legal units that evidently only are registered because of a need for an organisation number. Enterprises are included in the annual population if they are registered with active operations in Norway in the statistical year. The statistics are further demarcated in relation to public and social security administration, counties, municipalities, i.e. enterprises with institutional sector code 6100 (public and social security administration), 6500 (municipalities) or (counties). Enterprises within this section of public administration (administration and services) are not included in the statistics even if they formally are supposed to conduct activities that sort under industries included in the statistics. For industries that are characterised by a mixture of public and private services, the population may seem insufficient since public services are excluded from the statistics. This is especially the case for power and water supply (industries 35 and 36), education (industry 85) and health and social work (industry 86, 87 and 88). The Central Bank of Norway, public lending institutions, enterprises within public business operations, publicly owned enterprises, municipal business operations and independent municipal enterprises, i.e. enterprises with sector codes 3100, 3900, 1110, 1120, 1510 and1520, are included in the statistics if they conduct activities within the industries that are covered by the statistics. In theory this is also the case for enterprises within all other institutional sectors.

Data sources and sampling

The Central Coordinating Register of Legal Entities (ER) and the Central Register of Establishments and Enterprises (CRE). The number of employees from the Register for Employer/Employees. Turnover and employment are collected through SN's structure business statistics (SBS) surveys and from administrative sources. Furthermore, data are collected from SBS and from other administrative registers such as data from VAT, accounting data and income tax returns from independent businesses in order to limit the population in relation to enterprises that in reality have ceased to exist.

 

Collection of data, editing and estimations

 

CRE is presently a comprehensive register and quality is ensured in relation to population and basic characteristics like addresses, legal form and industry codes.

 

Seasonal adjustment

Not relevant

Confidentiality

Not relevant

Comparability over time and space

In the 2003 annual population the methodology for calculating turnover and employment has been revised for industrial activities not included in the structural business statistics. These changes affect enterprises within the activites 65-67 and 80-99, but also enterprises within activities 10-41 that are not included in the structural business statistics (sole propritorships and enterprises with less than 0.5 persons employed). As a consequence, there is a decrease in the number of enterprises and persons employed for the year 2003 as compared with 2002.

Accuracy and reliability

Sources of error and uncertainty

The statistics are based on statistical and administrative sources. Several administrative sources are instrumental in the work with updating the CRE, and are used both to define the population and to collect characteristics and information: The ER in Brønnøysund, the VAT register and the AA register are used to collect information about the units. This may cause register errors that may affect the uncertainty of the statistics. A possible Source of errors is out of date information caused by lags in the registration. Such lags are caused by the fact that changes are often registered some time after they have occurred. The consequence is that the registers are not updated at all times, something that may lead to using outdated information as basis for the statistics. In connection with new registrations the respondent is to state whether this is a new activity or a change in ownership. In cases where such information is lacking a duplicate check against existing enterprises is carried out – in order to identify possible ownership changes. All changes are not intercepted in these routines, and the number of new establishment is assumed to be somewhat high seen in relation to the number of new registrations.

 

 

 

Revision

Not relevant

Contact